A flashbang is made of a metallic fuel and oxidizer pyrotechnic mixture inside a sturdy, non-fragmenting casing.
Flashbangs, also called stun grenades, are designed to temporarily disorient targets with a bright flash of light and a loud bang without causing lethal fragmentation. The outer casing is typically made from aluminum or steel, constructed to remain intact during detonation while allowing light and sound to escape through perforations or cutouts. This prevents dangerous shrapnel, distinguishing flashbangs from traditional fragmentation grenades.
Pyrotechnic Charge
The core of a flashbang is the pyrotechnic charge, often referred to as “flash powder.” This charge consists of:
- Metallic fuel: usually magnesium or aluminum powder, which burns rapidly to produce intense light. 3
- Oxidizer: commonly potassium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, or strontium nitrate, which reacts with the metallic fuel to sustain combustion. 3
When ignited, this mixture combusts quickly, generating a blinding flash of light (up to several million candelas) and a loud concussive sound (typically 170–180 decibels) that temporarily overwhelms the eyes and ears.
Ignition Mechanism
Flashbangs include a time-delay fuze that initiates the device after a short delay, usually 1–2 seconds. The fuze contains a percussion primer that ignites a delay column, which then triggers the main pyrotechnic charge. This allows the thrower to deploy the device safely before detonation.
Safety Considerations
Although designed to be non-lethal, flashbangs can still cause temporary or permanent injuries if detonated too close to a person. The intense heat can ignite flammable materials, and the concussive blast can cause hearing damage or burns.
In summary, a flashbang is composed of a metallic fuel and oxidizer mixture inside a durable, perforated casing, with a time-delay fuze to safely trigger the pyrotechnic reaction that produces its signature flash and bang.